<p>The city of Jaipur was founded in 1727 by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jai_Singh_II">Jai Singh II</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amer,_India">Raja of Amer</a> who ruled from 1688 to 1758. He planned to shift his capital from Amer, 11&nbsp;km from Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-Hist-5">[5]</a> Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur. Under the architectural guidance of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidyadhar_Bhattacharya">Vidyadhar Bhattacharya</a>, Jaipur was planned based on the principles of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastu_shastra">Vastu shastra</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shilpa_Shastra">Shilpa Shastra</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-Jaipur_history-8">[8]</a> The construction of the city began in 1727 and took four years to complete the major roads, offices and palaces. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-Hist-5">[5]</a></p>

<p>During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh, the city was painted pink to welcome the Prince of Wales, later <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VII_of_the_United_Kingdom">Edward VII</a>, in 1876.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-POW-9">[9]</a> Many of the avenues remained painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet <em>Pink city</em>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-10">[10]</a> In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marble">marble</a>, fostered by a school of art founded in 1868. The city had three colleges, including a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> college (1865) and a girls&#39; school (1867) opened during the reign of the Maharaja <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ram_Singh_II">Ram Singh II</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-12">[12]</a></p>

<p>Jaipur has a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hot_semi-arid_climate">hot semi-arid climate</a> under the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification">K&ouml;ppen climate classification</a> &quot;<em>BSh</em>&quot;,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-15">[15]</a> receiving over 650 millimetres (26&nbsp;in) of rainfall annually but most rains occur in the monsoon months between June and September. Temperatures remain relatively high during summer from April to early July having average daily temperatures of around 30&nbsp;&deg;C (86&nbsp;&deg;F). During the monsoon there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The winter months of November to February are mild and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 10&ndash;15&nbsp;&deg;C (50&ndash;59&nbsp;&deg;F) and with little or no humidity and cold waves lead to temperatures near freezing.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-16">[16]</a></p>

<h2>Economy</h2>

<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:World_Trade_Park_Jaipur_in_2012.jpg"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/World_Trade_Park_Jaipur_in_2012.jpg/200px-World_Trade_Park_Jaipur_in_2012.jpg" style="height:128px; width:200px" /></a></p>

<p>World Trade Park, Jaipur</p>

<p>In addition to its role as the provincial capital, educational, and administrative centre, the economy of Jaipur is fuelled by tourism, gemstone cutting, the manufacture of jewellery and luxury textiles, and information technology.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Three major trade promotion organisations have their offices in Jaipur. These are: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce &amp; Industry, (FICCI) the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) which has its regional offices here. In 2008, Jaipur was ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-30">[30]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur_Stock_Exchange">Jaipur Stock Exchange</a> is one of the regional stock exchanges in India and was founded in 1989.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Jaipur is a major hub for arts and crafts. It has many traditional shops selling antiques, jewellery, handicrafts, gems, bangles, pottery, carpets, textiles, leather and metal products. Jaipur is one of India&#39;s largest manufacturers of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur_Rugs">hand-knotted rugs</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-32">[32]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-33">[33]</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur_leg">Jaipur leg</a>, a rubber-based <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_limb">prosthetic leg</a> for people with below-knee <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amputation">amputations</a>, was designed and is produced in Jaipur.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-35">[35]</a></p>

<p>&nbsp;</p>

<h2>Media</h2>

<p>Major daily newspapers in Jaipur include <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthan_Patrika">Rajasthan Patrika</a></em>, <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dainik_Bhaskar">Dainik Bhaskar</a></em>, <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dainik_Navajyoti">Dainik Navajyoti</a></em> and <em><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times_of_India">The Times of India</a></em>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-bhaskar.com-36">[36]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-37">[37]</a> The state-owned <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/All_India_Radio">All India Radio</a> is broadcast both on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medium_wave">medium wave</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FM_band">FM band</a> in the city. Private FM stations include <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_Mirchi">Radio Mirchi</a> (98.3&nbsp;MHz), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_City_%28Indian_radio_station%29">Radio City</a> (91.1&nbsp;MHz), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/94.3_FM">My FM</a> (94.3&nbsp;MHz), FM Tadka 95 FM (95.0&nbsp;MHz), <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_FM_93.5">Red FM 93.5</a> (93.5&nbsp;MHz) and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyan_Vani">Gyan Vani</a> (105.6&nbsp;MHz). The city has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 (90.4&nbsp;MHz) by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doordarshan">Doordarshan</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasar_Bharati">Prasar Bharati</a>) provides a regional channel in addition to the private broadcasters.</p>

<h2>Culture</h2>

<p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jaipur_03-2016_26_Hawa_Mahal_Road_at_the_City_Palace.jpg"><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Jaipur_03-2016_26_Hawa_Mahal_Road_at_the_City_Palace.jpg/200px-Jaipur_03-2016_26_Hawa_Mahal_Road_at_the_City_Palace.jpg" style="height:112px; width:200px" /></a></p>

<p>Downtown Jaipur</p>

<p>Jaipur has many cultural sites like <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawahar_Kala_Kendra">Jawahar Kala Kendra</a> formed by Architect <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Correa">Charles Correa</a> and Ravindra Manch. Government Central Museum hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a government museum at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawa_Mahal">Hawa Mahal</a> and an art gallery at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viratnagar">Viratnagar</a>. There are statues depicting <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajasthani_culture">Rajasthani culture</a> around the city.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Jaipur has many traditional shops selling antiques and handicrafts. The prior rulers of Jaipur patronised a number of arts and crafts. They invited skilled artisans, artists and craftsmen from India and abroad who settled in the city. Some of the crafts include <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandhani">bandhani</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_printing">block printing</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stone_carving">stone carving</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sculpture">sculpture</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlay">tarkashi</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zari">zari</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gota_Work">gota</a>-patti, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinari">kinari</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zardozi">zardozi</a>, silver jewellery, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone">gems</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kundan">kundan</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitreous_enamel">meenakari</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewellery">jewellery</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangle">Lakh ki Chudiya</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajput_painting">miniature paintings</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_Pottery_of_Jaipur">blue pottery</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_carving">ivory carving</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shellac">shellac work</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leather_crafting">leather ware</a>.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-Pink-6">[6]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-JDA-25">[25]</a></p>

<p>Jaipur has its own performing arts. The Jaipur Gharana for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathak">Kathak</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghoomar">Ghoomar</a> are popular folk dance styles.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-41">[41]</a><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Tamasha is an art form where <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kathputli_%28Puppet%29">Kathputli</a> puppet dance is shown in play form.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-jaipur.org.uk-43">[43]</a> Jaipur has four majors fairs and festivals namely <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant_Festival">Elephant Festival</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangaur">Gangaur</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makar_Sankranti">Kite Festival Jaipur</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teej">Teej</a>. Jaipur is also famous for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur_Literature_Festival">Jaipur Literature Festival</a>, the world&#39;s largest free literature festival in which country-wide authors, writers and literature lovers participate.<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaipur#cite_note-44">[44]</a></p>
